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The Islamic State of Iraq (ISI; (アラビア語:دولة العراق الإسلامية) ') (commonly referred to as ''al-Qaeda in Iraq'') was a Sunni Islamic group that aimed to establish an Islamic state in Sunni, Arab-majority areas of Iraq. It was formed on 15 October 2006 from the merger of a number Iraqi insurgent groups, including Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn—‘Al-Qaeda in Iraq’—and its Mujahideen Shura Council allies.〔 In 2006–2008, during the Iraq War, ISI had military units or strongholds in Mosul and in the governorates of Baghdad, Al Anbar and Diyala, and they claimed Baqubah as their capital. In April 2013, ISI transformed itself into Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, ISIS, IS), which is still active today. == Background == * Jordanian Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, a 1966 born veteran of the Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989), in 1999 he started a militant group called Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (‘Organization of Monotheism and Jihad’) aiming to overthrow the 'apostate' Kingdom of Jordan. After their presumed assassination of U.S. diplomat Laurence Foley in 2002 in Jordan, however, they became notorious for their violent campaign in Iraq, which began in August 2003. * In October 2004, Zarqawi pledged alliance to Osama bin Laden and changed the name of his group to Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (‘Organization of Jihad's Base in Mesopotamia’, often referred to as Al Qaeda in Iraq (AQI)), which indulged in dozens of violent attacks per year in Iraq. * In January 2006, AQI united with five smaller Sunni Islamist groups into the Mujahideen Shura Council (MSC). Attacks in Iraq blamed on or claimed by either AQI or MSC continued. In June 2006, Zarqawi was killed by the U.S., AQI’s leadership passed onto the Egyptian Abu Ayyub al-Masri. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Islamic State of Iraq」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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